Catalytic converters are chamber Resistance in the flow system through the exhaust gases pass through. These chambers contain catalytic material, which promotes the oxidation of the emissions contained in the exhaust flow.
Generally, they are called three-way converters because the are used to reduce the concentration of CO, HC, and NOx in the exhaust. It is usually a stainless steel container mounted somewhere along the exhaust pipe of the engine.
Catalytic converter is named after Catalyst. Which converts the Harmful gas into non-Harmful gas. Hence its name Catalytic converter.
The catalyst that he does in this converts the healthy gases into safe gases. And these catalysts are metals of platinum, palladium, and Rohodium. These catalysts are used in ceramic material in catalytic converter. And in ceramic materials catalyst is only 49gm used in a normal catalytic converter. Because it is very expensive metal. And its structure is the honeycomb structure, which is the strongest structure.
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| Honeycomb Structure |
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| Catalytic converter |
Catalytic converter is used in automobile vehicles. This system is installed after the engine so that the burn gases which are burnt, after burning, all the powerful gases pass through the catalytic converter. So that all the Harmful Gases can be converted into Non Harmful Gas.
In Catalytic converter, The Outer surface of catalytic converter is made of steel casing.
Functions of catalytic converter:
Catalytic conveyor has 2 types of reaction -
1.) Oxidation Reaction
2.) Reduction Reaction
Oxidation reaction means adding oxygen. And Platinum material and Palladium used as catalyst for oxidation reaction.
Reduction reaction means removal of oxygen and uses Rhodium material as catalyst.
After the exhaust process, when the burn gases enter the catalytic converter, the reduction occurs first from the process and then the oxidation process. And all Harmful Gases (CO, HC, and NOx ) convert them into Non Harmful Gases (O2, N2, CO2, H2O).
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| inside view of catalytic converter |
Reaction in catalytic converter:
In Reduction process all NO gases are reduce into N2 and O2.
And the remaining exhaust gases will go through further oxidation and convert CO and NO into CO2 and H2O.
NO + CO→12N2+ CO2
2 NO + 5 CO + 3 H2O→2 NH3+ 5 CO2
2 NO + CO→N2O + CO2
NO + H2→12N2+ H2O
This type of reaction takes place inside this catalytic converter and all the harmful gases pass through the catalytic to non-harmful gases and go into the environment and this technology does not even make the environment more harmless. Hence catalytic converter is mostly used in vehicles.
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| Honey comb strucure |
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